An important stage is the preparation of garlic for planting in the winter because the garlic is processed and the future crop depends on the soil. For these works, professional fungicides and solutions prepared from home remedies are used. The treatment will protect the garlic from potential diseases, will improve the quality of the crop.
Content
Why do we need processing
Garlic is a crop that propagates vegetatively. A newly formed plant will fully receive from the maternal set of all available qualities and properties. He will also get diseases. They are most pronounced in the spring. Handling garlic well before planting for the winter is necessary in order to maximally eliminate the spores of fungi that affect the plant. Timely preventive measures will contribute to a high-quality crop.
The strength of the influence of existing hereditary diseases on the quality of winter prepared material was studied in detail at the All-Russian Institute of Plants. Possessing expert information, gardeners have the opportunity to timely combat diseases that affect plants. Due to this, the yield increases and its quality improves.
Causes of damage
If the processing of garlic was not carried out before planting in the winter, then it is likely that most of the crop will be spoiled. Vegetables often rot due to damage by pathogens. A common disease is garlic rot. It affects areas located in the middle lane of the country. Pre-treatment of planting material solves this problem. If planting is carried out in the spring, it is additionally necessary to thoroughly disinfect the soil before the planned planting. This significantly reduces the risk of developing diseases of the planted crop.
The cause of spoilage often becomes improper sanitizing of selected planting stock. By mistake, you can significantly exceed the required concentration of the substances used. This can burn selected barbs. If insufficient disinfectant is used, cleaning will be incomplete. Crop spoilage may also result.
How to prepare garlic for planting in the fall
Winter garlic is suitable for autumn planting. Spring is not used during this period. Experienced gardeners call the characteristic differences of two types:
- only winter crops have an old arrow;
- the arrangement of cloves of several tiers is characteristic of spring culture. Winter often has only one tier, in rare cases a couple of small teeth may be present on the second;
- winter root crop differs in the color of the skin - it is purple.
If a spring variety is planted in winter, it will freeze and there will be no expected seedlings in spring. The preparation of winter varieties has a clear algorithm, it is performed in the prescribed sequence.
Head selection
For winter planting, not all planting material is suitable.When selecting gardeners carefully examine each head, evaluating them according to several indicators:
- head size. The new crop will inherit the parameters of the mother plant, so small heads are not selected for planting;
- weight of cloves. Ideally, the weight of the cloves should be approximately the same. Thanks to this, it can be expected that in the future harvest all the teeth will be even;
- appearance. On planting material there should be no manifestations of the disease, loose texture. The disease can be visible on one tooth, but this already indicates a defeat of the entire head;
- peel density is estimated. In a healthy plant, it fits snugly to the edible part.
Selection and preparation of cloves
Separate teeth are selected for planting. It is better that they be the same size, shape. Splitting the head is not always fast. To soothe the task helps to soak it for a couple of minutes in water. This helps soften the upper skin. When separating, you need to be careful not to injure the integumentary coating of planting material.
Additionally, each clove should be inspected during the process. This will eliminate the risk of contracting the disease in the future. It is necessary to inspect the bottom. If there are no signs of roots on it, then such planting material will not sprout in the spring. When preparing a solution for soaking, a couple of crystals of manganese potassium should be added to water at a temperature of 20-25 degrees. Water should be light pink. Soak the heads in the solution for up to 30 minutes, no longer.
Do I need to peel winter garlic before planting in the garden
Experienced gardeners strongly advise against cleaning planting material. The peel present on the cloves is a natural defense against pests and diseases. It should not be removed. If you ignore this moment and clean the teeth, you can additionally injure the root base. As a result, planting material will be spoiled, and in the spring you should not wait for seedlings in the garden.
How to process garlic before planting in the winter
There are many ways to process garlic before planting before winter. Each treatment method allows the disinfection of planting material, which further protects it from the effects of pathogens and other pests.
Ash lye
This is the easiest, but very effective method to protect crops from roundworms. It requires thoroughly mixing wood ash in plain water. Over time, solid dust particles will begin to settle to the bottom of the tank. The solution is enriched with potassium and calcium hydroxides, which differ in a pronounced alkaline reaction. Such a solution negatively affects the life of the nematodes hiding in the heads.
Potassium permanganate (potassium permanganate)
Potassium permanganate is the most common processing method. It destroys pathogenic microflora, inhibits the development of fungi, nourishes seedlings with potassium, which has a beneficial effect on the further development of culture. Potassium permanganate is not dangerous to humans, but it is better to work with it with rubber gloves. Too concentrated solutions can leave marks and damage the skin.
Blue vitriol
- mix thoroughly (until complete dissolution) in 1 liter of water 5 g of crystals;
- lower the heads into the solution for 10 minutes;
- after soaking, you need to dry the product in a natural way.
With this solution, many gardeners process, and then plant not only garlic, but also other crops.
Phytosporin Solution
Fitosporin-M is often used to process garlic before planting it in the fall. This solution has a wide spectrum of action, protecting plants from almost all diseases. For processing, water (+ 25-30 degrees) of 1 liter is required. It is necessary to dissolve the powder in it and place the garlic in the liquid for half an hour. If the solution is weakly concentrated, the planting material can be soaked for an hour. After the solution you need to dilute it with water 1:10, use it to process the holes where root crops will be planted.
Fungicide "Maxim"
It is used to disinfect any root crops. Helps fight the development of various diseases in plants. It differs by the simplest method of application, which is indicated in the instructions. It can be used for processing soil, garlic and other planting materials.
Table salt
In the kitchen, any housewife must have salt. It can be used not only in cooking, but also for disinfection, storage of various products. To process garlic, you need a concentrated saline solution (1 liter of water, 2 tbsp. L. Salt). To enhance the effect, you can add 1 tsp. ordinary baking soda. The solution must be thoroughly mixed until the crystals dissolve. The mixture disinfects the surface, softens the cloves and the salt penetrates inside, destroying all bacteria, fungus. Soaking will take from 15 to 30 minutes. After you surely dry the root crop in a natural way and you can begin to plant.
Soil preparation
Disinfect the ground before planting garlic for the winter necessary. If you plant even properly prepared planting material in contaminated soil, you can not expect a good and healthy crop. The soil must be free from pests, disinfected from fungal infections. Gardeners do not recommend planting garlic on the same plot for two years in a row. The bed, which was recently fertilized with manure, does not fit. This has a scientific explanation:
- in the process of growth, the ground part will be better formed, rather than the bulb;
- formed heads in this area are characterized by friability, they are poorly stored;
- such a culture has a high risk of infection with fungal diseases.
Best planted garlic in the bedswhere cucumbers and tomatoes, pumpkin or cabbage were recently grown. The site must be well lit. It is better that it is east or west. Not worth it plant garlic in the lowlands, moisture will accumulate there and the crop may drive out.
Soil preparation should be done in the fall. This process involves several steps:
- the soil should be dug up, weeds must be carefully removed;
- in the process of digging, make compost, if the soil is acidic, add ash;
- pour the fertilized area with fungicidal solution. It is better to use a ready-made remedy for disinfecting the soil. It is entered according to the instructions. The drug protects the earth from possible infections, improves the quality of the crop, helps to increase its quantity.
Reviews
Helena
Before planting, I always process the garlic. For this, they use my grandmother’s home method, because I don’t see the point of buying any means, because ordinary salt also effectively destroys all bacteria. The harvest is always good; no disease is ever observed on garlic. The cloves grow large, healthy and beautiful.
Andrei
For the past 10 years, before starting to plant garlic, I have been using copper sulfate. In addition to processing the garlic itself, I still gradually pour it into the ground. After such a disinfection, garlic never gets sick. I also use copper sulfate to disinfect a site with tomatoes.The solution is sprayed with plants and soil. As a result, no insects threaten my crop.
Natalia
I have never been involved in the processing of garlic. But in the last couple of years, diseases began to develop on it. I used different methods for disinfection, but the most effective, it seems to me, was only a solution with potassium permanganate. It copes well with microbes parasitizing on root crops, is an excellent fertilizer. This treatment did not affect the taste of garlic.
Conclusion
How well the stage of preparation of the crop itself is done and the soil for winter depends on how the garlic will tolerate the cold and what the next year's crop will be like. It is necessary to carefully process the planting material, take care of the correct choice of the site for planting. Having completed all the simple recommendations, you can be sure that the result will not disappoint and the amount of yield will only increase.
Methods for storing garlic in the winter at home
Processing garlic before planting in the winter: soaking garlic and tillage
Fertilizers when planting garlic in the fall: how to fertilize the soil
Features planting garlic in the winter in the fall