Maxi black grapes: characteristics and description of the variety, features, planting and care

A couple of dozen years ago, grow grapes of industrial grade in the middle strip or north It was a difficult task, only feasible to mature winegrowers. Since then, breeders have bred many varieties and hybrids that can grow in different climatic zones. One of these varieties is Maxi Black.

General description of the variety

“Maxi Black” is an elite form of grape, bred at the Potapenko Institute. The aim of breeders was to create a hybrid that is resistant to most diseases and not capricious to the conditions of growth and care. The results of the variety tests showed that the Maxi Black meets all the stated requirements. By the set of fruit characteristics, the variety is among the technical ones and belongs to the wine group.

Brief description of the plant

The following characteristics are characteristic of plants of the Maxi Black variety:

• the tree is formed tall;
• active shoot formation;
• leaves are large, funnel-shaped. The color of young leaves is green with copper spots characteristic of the variety. The surface of the sheet plates is smooth, almost glossy;
• growing season 130-140 days;
• flowers for men and women, which is the key to good pollination;
• clusters are dense, medium size (300-450 gr.);
• frost-resistant genetic plants (up to - 27 degrees);
• grapes are able to adapt to environmental conditions.

A variety with such characteristics is very common in the northern part of the country and in the Urals. Middle-grape growers also leave positive reviews for the subspecies. In regions with warm and long summers, Maxi is practically not cultivated, due to the variety of zoned varieties.

Characterization of the fruit. Application

The name of the variety fully reflects the characteristics of the berries. Ink, almost black fruits are quite large. Oval-shaped berries reach 3 cm in length. The taste is simple but harmonious. Sugar content - 21-22%, with an acid of 6-8 g / l. The pulp is high in juice, crispy. The skin is dense, with a wax coating.

The variety belongs to the wine group, but the berries are widely used in various fields. Berries are consumed fresh and used to make juices, elite wine drinks. Tasters rate the taste of young, red, table wine from Maxi Black at 7.6 points.

Productivity

The bush gives the first "signalization" in the second year of life. “Maxi Black” begins to bring a full-fledged crop at the age of three. Productivity of the variety is considered above average and is 17-20 kg from one bush.

Advantages and disadvantages

The title of "elite" variety has earned due to undeniable advantages:

• early fruiting;
• good yield for a technical grade;
• frost resistant;
• endowed with excellent immunity to diseases and pests;
• resistant to climatic conditions;
• does not require pollination;
• easy to breed;
• unpretentiousness in cultivation;
• harmonious taste;
• marketable condition;
• large-fruited;
• universality of application;
• Good transportability and ability to be stored for 30-40 days after harvest.

Among the shortcomings, only a long ripening period can be distinguished. But this feature is typical for all grapes of table-wine grapes.

Features of agricultural technology varieties

“Maxi black” refers to varieties with a non-capricious character. Even a novice grower can plant a culture and take care of it. Like any variety, this grape requires special care.

Landing

Planting dates depend on the region of cultivation and planting material:

• April 15 - May 15 - annual lignified seedlings;
• May 25-June 30 - vegetative, green.

Autumn planting is carried out in September or October, depending on the climate. The main thing is to follow the rule - planting work should be completed a month before the onset of frost.

You may be interested in:

Is it possible to eat grapes with seeds - health benefits and harmsGrape seed oil - properties and uses, benefits and contraindicationsAt what temperature does the grape cover, what is the minimum temperature the grapes can withstand

Grapes are not picky about the composition of the soil. The exception is salt marshes and areas with high groundwater. In such areas, the tree will hurt and, ultimately, die. Ideal for plants will be a soil with the following characteristics:

• acid neutral;
• loamy or loamy in composition;
• loose and moisture-intensive in structure;
• fertile.

The algorithm for the direct planting of seedlings is similar to the planting procedure of any variety and has some features from the time of work.

Care Rules

“Maxi Black” does not require special attention. A culture resistant to low temperatures frees gardeners from the need to build a winter shelter. The variety, which is immune to diseases and pests, allows you to grow an environmentally friendly crop without the use of chemicals. Simple care consists in the formation of a bush, watering and feeding as necessary.

Watering

The first year of life of grapes in the irrigation area is carried out according to a special scheme:

• the first month - once a week;
• the third month - once every two weeks;
• further - as the soil dries up within the landing pit.

Such watering will provide better survival of young trees.

Starting from the second year of planting, experienced growers recommend watering the grapes during periods when the plant needs the greatest amount of moisture:

• when the buds open;
• at the end of the flowering period;
• during the ripening of berries.

It is always necessary to normalize the frequency of irrigation of a vineyard taking into account specific weather conditions.

The formation of the bush. Pruning

For the variety, formation on a two-armed or one-armed cordon is recommended. Since plants are not afraid of frost, the cordon does not have to be horizontal. The task of the first year is to grow one or two powerful shoots, future “shoulders”. To do this, remove the stepsons during the summer, and remove the growth point at the end of the summer season.

In the second year, on the already existing "reliable shoulders", you need to grow sleeves, there should be no more than eight. The distance between the sleeves is preferably maintained at least 40 cm. The optimal number of fruit shoots is 16-18 pieces per bush, not more. The trimming length of fruit brushes is short - 3-4 eyes.

Harvesting and storage

The variety is characterized by the ripening of berries within the same fruit brush; therefore, it is most convenient to harvest the crops by cutting whole clusters. A pruner or sharp knife is best for this. There are some rules for the collection and storage of grapes:

• pick a clear day for harvesting;
• the best time is in the afternoon, when the dew dries;
• during the collection, you should try to keep the wax coating on the berries as much as possible;
• clusters are sorted by size and placed in boxes or baskets with the stalk up;
• removed grapes are important to shade from the sun;
• optimal microclimate for fruit storage - temperature from 0 to +2 degrees, air humidity 80 - 90%;
• storage should be dark;
• the bunches are kept hanging so that they do not touch each other.

Conclusion

“Maxi Black” is a worthy representative from the line of elite varieties of the technical group. Such grapes will be a great addition to the collection of experienced growers and a good starting option for beginners.

Reviews

Oksana Nikolaevna, Yaroslavl

"Maxi black" planted specifically for making homemade wine. Previously, they were made of all varieties interspersed, we have 5 different ones growing. They tried red wine from Maxi with friends. The taste and color saturation impressed. Our grape tree is already five years old. The first fruits brought in the third year. In addition, the variety, as they say, “without worries”, minimal care.

Elena, Leningrad Region

In our area, the sun is an infrequent guest, so the variety was chosen unpretentious and resistant to fungal diseases. We stopped at the Maxi Black. Bribed by a combination of frost resistance and good immunity. Despite the long growing season, the grapes have time to ripen every year. We eat fresh, we have enough harvest until the end of November.