The most popular fruit crop is considered an apple tree. It does not require much care, unlike other varieties of trees, and the yield will be stable every year, subject to the correct agro-cultivation technique. Currently, over 400 apple varieties are registered in the State Register. They vary in maturity, taste, fruit consumption, and yield. An important indicator for assessing a particular variety was resistance to diseases, in particular to scab. Scab is considered one of the most common diseases of horticultural culture. It is not so easy to cure, and when it is severely damaged, the tree dies in a few weeks.
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Early ripe representatives
For cultivation in the suburbs, you need to select varieties of apple trees with average winter hardiness and good immune qualities. These indicators will become fundamental with the right choice of planting material. The following varieties of fruit crops are presented:
"Fairy"
The variety is considered to be early in ripening; fruiting when grown in central Russia occurs in July. Fairy is resistant to scab and powdery mildew, has high frost resistance and tolerates drought well. Apples with green skin and sweet and sour flesh. The taste rating is high - 4.5 points. Fruits have good keeping quality: stored for 2 months in a refrigerator or in a cool place.
"Red Amber"
The variety is characterized by early ripeness of the fruit. Fresh apples can be enjoyed from the second half of July. The fruits have an average size and weight of 200 grams, to taste the flesh is sweet-sour, juicy. The pulp has a pleasant aroma. The color of the fruit is beautiful, the skin is red. Red amber has good winter hardiness and resistance to scab, viruses and pests. The variety is perfect for growing in the suburbs.
The tree, even at the beginning of life, is slightly affected by fungal and viral infections, and rarely gets sick. Apples grow very large and can weigh up to 300 grams. The taste is dessert. Apples can be used for baking, as a filling, in compotes and jams. Ripening period begins in July and lasts until mid-August. The skin color is bright red.
"Fortune"
The medium-sized tree reaches a height of 3 meters, no more. The compact size allows you to take care of the apple tree without difficulty, to trim the crown and harvest. Ripening period is in the middle of summer. There are many fruits on the apple tree. In season, the number of apples from one adult tree can exceed 200 kilograms. Creamy flesh has a sweet taste. The resilient skin is colored red. On the skin there are small inclusions. Fortune is highly resistant to scab and easily tolerates winters with an average temperature of no higher than 25 degrees below zero.
Golden Summer
The tree is grown on a dwarf rootstock because of its low height. Fruiting occurs 3-4 years after planting a seedling. Apples are ripened in the second decade of July; the last crop is harvested no earlier than mid-August. Apples have the correct shape and marketable appearance. Complex coloring combines several colors: on the skin, the green color in places turns to pink, and there is also a red fill from the sun.Apples can be transported over long distances, they are often grown for sale, since they can be stored for more than 2 months in a cool place. Golden summer is suitable for landing in central Russia.
Late ripening apple trees
These varieties have an inherent high winter hardiness and are able to winter even without sheltering branches and shoots. Winter-hardy varieties almost always have a high immune ability, so they are not afraid of the defeat of powdery mildew, scabs.
"Nocturne"
Ripening of apples on a tree occurs in late September. The abundant fruiting (more than 150 kilograms from an adult tree) made this variety suitable for growing on an industrial scale. Fruits differ in size and beautiful appearance. Nocturne is considered to be elite, as apple pulp has a sweet dessert flavor. Nocturne is not exposed to diseases such as scab and similar infections, it hibernates quite steadily.
Vasilisa
The original Russian apple variety. The peak yield occurs in mid-autumn, the last apple trees are plucked right before the frosts. Apples have a beautiful pink filling on the skin, a sour-sweet taste. The pulp is tender, high in juice. To taste Vasilisa was rated at 4.7 points, which is a high indicator. The variety is highly resistant to scab, but may be affected by powdery mildew. To prevent the development of diseases, every spring, the apple tree is treated with fungicides.
Lyubava
The crown of the tree is not prone to thickening and does not require careful shaping, while apples ripen actively, mainly in late September. The fruits are quite large, the weight of some apples can reach 300 grams or more. Universal apples, great for making jam, jam compotes, liquors. The taste of Lyubava is sweet and sour. The variety easily survives frosts down to minus 30 degrees and, when grown in the Moscow Region, may not take shelter for the winter.
Margot
Large, slightly oblong apples ripen on a tree in mid-autumn. The taste rating is high and is 4.8 points. Creamy flesh with a delicate fruity aroma. The peel is green, n has a yellow tint at the time of full ripening. The fruits are well stored, do not spoil. Scab Margot is weakly affected, as are powdery mildew.
"Orpheus"
The average size of the tree allows it to be grown even in small garden areas. The variety is perfect for breeding in the suburbs and in the surrounding regions, as it has high frost resistance and immunity to diseases. Large and large apples in shape resemble balls, and their color is faded, not bright. The taste of apples is sweet, but sourness is present. The main method of use is fresh. The fruits of Orpheus are never stale, they are quickly eaten.
Popular varieties
Due to the large variety of known species of apple trees, those that are of the highest popularity can be distinguished. These varieties are most often found in summer cottages, and gardeners continue to grow them with pleasure and talk about apple trees only on the positive side.
"Pouring white"
A long-known species began to be grown in Russia several decades ago. Got the greatest distribution in the central part of the country. The ripening of the Bulk differs in the early term and occurs at the height of summer. The weight of apples is small, up to 100 grams. The skin color is yellow-green.The variety has medium resistance to scab, so spring treatment with fungicides or vitriol will not harm.
Arcadik
The species was bred by Russian breeders, taking into account the temperate climate in central Russia. Large fruits have a sweet-sour taste and a pleasant smell. Arkadyk ripens in the summer, in the first half. The variety is characterized by high resistance to scab, its roots are prone to decay.
Mantet
This species came to Russia from Poland. It has good frost resistance, can be grown in the suburbs. The pulp is very tender, sweet. Apples are mainly grown for fresh consumption. The fruit looks beautiful and appetizing. The variety is self-fertile, does not require replanting pollinators. The disadvantages include the late fruiting period, which usually occurs in the fifth or even sixth year after the start of tree cultivation.
Bogatyr
The hero has excellent immune abilities, the name of the variety speaks for itself. An apple tree almost never gets sick. Ripening begins in September and occurs until late frosts, while apples hang on branches and do not fall for quite some time. The fruits are large, up to 300 grams in weight. By taste, the variety received 4.5 points. The hero is characterized by high productivity, even in a bad and rainy summer, the indicator will not fall below 100 kilograms from a tree aged 5-7 years.
Even despite the high resistance to scab in many varieties, you should not forget about the preventive annual treatment of trees, and even more so neglect it. Infection of scabs begins in early spring, when the buds just open. To prevent shoot disease, apple trees are sprayed with fungicidal preparations at this time. Instead of fungicides, Bordeaux or copper sulfate can be used. The entire tree is sprayed, including the area of the earth near the trunk circle. If such a procedure is carried out regularly, then the apple tree will not hurt, and its life expectancy will be from 20 years and above.
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