Many summer residents mistakenly believe that a rose can grow perfectly without professional care. But this approach entails the fact that the site will not be filled with beautiful and fragrant bushes, but with the usual wild rose. Absolutely all varietal roses need special care and care. Some of them are less capricious, while others require compliance with certain rules. That is why every gardener should remember about the planned pruning of roses for the winter.
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Stages of plant preparation
Absolutely all varieties of culture need a thorough shelter before the onset of cold weather, even if they grow in the middle lane. But before embarking on such a crucial stage, it is necessary that the roses enter a state of rest. Experienced gardeners know many subtleties on which the beauty of future buds depends.
Correct cropping
If a summer resident knows how to prune roses for the winter, then the root system of a shrub plant will be able to strengthen properly, as well as create a supply of nutrients that are useful in spring. In addition, the rose will rejuvenate and will form more beautiful buds.
When the autumn pruning of roses and shelter for the winter passed in compliance with all the rules, then you can not worry about the condition of the bush, even if there is too much frost on the street. Each rose has its own rules, but All of them have the following advantages:
Shortened shoots are much easier to shelter for the winter.- The rose will be protected from damage by various bacteria and pests.
- With the advent of spring on the bushes, the growth of new shoots increases.
- On a properly trimmed plant, the correct laying of new peduncles increases.
- The root system is developing more rapidly.
- Pruning unnecessary shoots contributes to the fact that in the bushes accumulate nutrients that contribute to active growth in the spring.
The cropping pattern can be not only short and long, but also medium. If the sapling was given to the summer resident as a gift, and he could not independently determine the rose variety, then it is best to choose the last option for pruning the shoots. All unripe, old and damaged branches are cut off. There should be no shoots that grow inside the bush. Dried buds and leaves are also removed.
Balanced top dressing
The introduction of nutrients with the advent of autumn is necessary in order to fully restore the balance of minerals that are in the soil, as well as give roses new strength after abundant flowering and pruning. Moderate fertilizer several times increases the winter hardiness of the bush, and also strengthens its immunity.A positive result becomes noticeable if top dressing was carried out in early September, as well as two weeks before the onset of frost.
When there is a significant cooling in the street, the use of nitrogen preparations is strictly prohibited, since they stimulate the vegetation. The main task of the gardener is to slow down the growth of the crop a little. The emphasis should be on strengthening the root system, for which they use magnesia, phosphorus, as well as potassium. If desired, the gardener can use fertilizer in special granules, which are scattered in small quantities around the bush. But most summer residents prefer a proven option - gradual dissolution of mineral dressing in water.
Modern drugs can replace the traditional application of fertilizers under the root by spraying the leafy part. For the first option, they take ten liters of pure water, two tbsp. tablespoons of phosphate, half a teaspoon of boric acid, as well as one tbsp. a spoonful of potassium sulfate. You can prepare high-quality foliar fertilizer from the same components, but in a weaker concentration. As for natural bait, it is better to use wood ash.
Effective Pest Management
Planned preventive treatment of plants is carried out only after water-loading irrigation, pruning and top dressing. This stage always completes the comprehensive care of roses in the autumn. When each centimeter of roses is processed, the bushes are spud and covered.
It is worth noting that it is extremely important to process plants before the onset of cold weather, as the ripened spores of the fungus fall along with the foliage on the ground, where they can stay until next spring. Severe diseases can be affected even by the hardiest varieties. For spraying, you can use not only time-tested products, but also advanced drugs.
Experienced gardeners give their preference to a solution of iron sulfate (3%). To prepare this product, you can use only a plastic, glass or enameled container. As for metal products, in combination with iron sulfate, they give an undesirable chemical reaction.
If powdery mildew or black spot has settled on the bush, then for effective control, you can safely use the following drugs:
- Fundazole.
- Karatanov EC.
- Tsineb.
- Ridomil Gold.
- Benomil.
All pathogenic microorganisms have a major drawback - they quickly get used to modern chemicals, which is why every time you need to use a new, no less effective tool. During autumn processing, it is advisable not to use biofungicides, since they act only at positive temperatures, but in the cold they are absolutely useless. To prevent re-infection of the shrub, it is necessary to process not only the plant, but also the soil around it.
Necessary tools
To correctly prune roses for the winter, you can purchase a specialized set of devices in the department for gardeners. Quite often you can see such tools in large greenhouses where rose seedlings are sold. If necessary, you can consult with experienced gardeners who will help you choose high-quality scissors and other devices.
For caring for roses The following tools must be prepared:
- Garden hacksaw.
- Scissors.
- A sharp garden knife.
- Durable brush cutter.
- Secateurs.
In order not to damage the delicate plant, all tools must be well sharpened. Only thanks to this, the blade will reach the most distant branches, and the gardener will protect his hands from damage by spikes.Regular pruner copes with branches up to 2.5 centimeters. Professional brush cutter is presented in the form of a massive pruner for larger shoots. The presence of long handles is highly justified, as the gardener can remove thick branches without much effort. You need to hold them only with two hands.
Care Technique for Each Grade
Regardless of the variety of planted roses, pruning should begin with the removal of foliage. It is worth noting that it does not always fall on its own, and leaving it on a bush is simply unacceptable. Experienced gardeners are well aware that among the wild roses there are many evergreen species that participated in the creation of certain varieties. Under a thick ball of snow or in a well-equipped shelter, the leaves still breathe and evaporate moisture, which can provoke undesirable reactions. Most often, branches rot, because of which there is a rapid spread of bacteria.
Fragrant Tea Hybrid
Such roses are unprecedentedly popular among gardeners. And the thing is that the bushes are highly resistant to sudden changes in temperature and are able to form large buds of very different colors. Many varieties are ideal for cutting, as they give one large rose at the end of the shoot.
The flowering period begins in mid-June and ends in early October. That is why experts recommend using the basic recommendations for pruning roses in the fall for beginners. In winter, the plant should be carefully processed and sheltered from severe frosts. Pruning can be medium or weak, the shoots are only half cut.
Fancy Climbing
In Russia, two varieties of such roses are grown. Specialists subdivide them into clammers and ramblers. Each variety has its own pruning methods. The final scheme for shortening the shoots depends on their total number and length. Original large-flowered varieties form the main number of buds, which are located on the very top of the shoots. During routine trimming, one third of all lashes are removed. Each individual branch should have no more than 10 buds.
Lush bush roses
Only the correct formation allows you to achieve an amazing effect when one plant blooms several times per season. Proper pruning of shoots in the autumn ensures that the rose will tolerate severe frosts and retain strong immunity. If the gardener neglected this rule, then the bush will weaken and will not be able to bloom profusely in the warm season.
Then unripe shoots are removed, which with the advent of cold weather will die anyway. Do not leave branches that grow inside the bush, flowers, leaves and unopened buds. The slice should be in the place where to the outer kidney 1 centimeter. These plant care rules apply to both adult and very young shrubs.
Essential Floribundo
These bushes are distinguished by their power and delicate aroma. For such roses, proper pruning is very important. Excessively shortened shoots can weaken the plant's immunity so much that it will not produce flowers for several years.But insufficient branch removal also has its drawbacks. Vulnerable gains will be so weak that they will not be able to survive the cold winter.
Unpretentious park
Many gardeners grow these varieties without any pruning. But the planned removal of unnecessary shoots allows you to maintain the most harmonious form of the plant, as well as increase the number of buds. All flowering shoots are cut after the end of the growing season. As a result, only young growth that has grown over the year should remain. Weak and diseased branches are removed completely. The length of the side shoots should be 15 centimeters.
Useful tips from specialists
All petals and cut branches must be carefully removed from under the bush and burned. If this is not done, then pathogens may appear in the open ground, which will certainly harm the plant itself. After treatment with a protective preparation, the roses should dry out a little. With the advent of spring, you need to use copper sulfate, which is most effective at plus temperature.
Since due to proper shelter the ground under the bush does not freeze, mice and even rats can be found in sawdust. For their food, they use the root system of roses, which causes irreparable harm to the plant. You can scare them off with tampons with Vishnevsky ointment, pieces of burnt wool. These items need to be placed inside the insulation frame.
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