Planting garlic for the winter in Ukraine: planting in the fall

In each country, a fragrant vegetable is planted differently, for example, for planting garlic for the winter in Ukraine, they adhere to a special technology that will help increase the yield several times. In addition, the product contains many useful elements for human health and copes with colds and other viral diseases.

The advantages of autumn planting

Gardeners with many years of experience, in order to get a large crop, plant a grassy plant precisely in this period of the year. Planting garlic in the fall in Ukraine due to the following advantages:

• winter garlic is consumed in the summer, because spring varieties germinate faster;
• this variety, unlike summer species, has high productivity and large cloves;
• winter varieties are infrequently exposed to diseases, and pests do not harm them;
• the culture does not need frequent watering of beds, as melting snow in the springtime will significantly moisten the soil along with rains;
• planting time is increasing, and if you deal with this business in the spring, then due to cultivation of the land and occupation by other crops, there may not be enough time;
• if you follow the rules of planting, then the garlic is not afraid of frost;
• a young herbaceous plant in spring grows faster than weeds, therefore, their number will be minimal, because garlic will drown out the "extra neighbors".

As you can see, winter garlic has several advantages over spring and summer planting.

Common varieties

There are plenty of garlic varieties in Ukraine. However, only a few of them were in the State Register. The most popular are the following:

1. "Prometheus". The bulb is white, contains from 5 to 6 cloves. Climbing grade. The vegetation period is 100−103 days. It has an average degree of storage.
2. "Sofievsky". Tasty on the palate. It has a grown purple hue. The bulb contains 6 large cloves. The growing season is about 100 days. Able to be stored for a long time.
3. "Victory". Variety shooter. The shooters are 2 cm long. Vegetation lasts from 110 to 115 days. The head is purple, consists of 6 cloves. Weight - 40 g. It has a strong spicy taste.
4. "Merefyansky white". Has medium maturity and gives an arrow. Vegetation is from 105 to 110 days. The bulb is medium-sized, consists of at least 5 voluminous cloves.
5. "Kharkov purple." It has increased severity. Shooting There are 4 to 6 cloves in the head. Vegetation - 115 days. The average degree of keeping quality, but withstands frost (minus 25 degrees) and has a high yield, approximately (15 t / ha). The product has an excellent presentation.
6. Duchess. The variety is an early, growing season lasts from 85 to 100 days. The head is white, covered with purple stripes. Onion contains up to 6 cloves. High level of severity.
7. "Starobelsky local." Variety shooter. Vegetation does not exceed 110 days. Onions have white husks, and the number of teeth is from 4 to 6 pcs. Pretty pungent taste.
8. "Leader". It has medium sharpness and does not give arrows. The head has a white color with a dirty shade and weighs about 35 g. This variety is not very resistant to various kinds of diseases. Duration of storage - until mid-March.
9. "Spas." Shooting grade.Coating violet-gray color with a light shiny shade. It has moderate severity, therefore it is used for universal use. If the product is properly stored, then it will lie until mid-April. Productivity is high. Good resistance to Fusarium and Nematode. High yield. Garlic is unpretentious to planting in different soil conditions.
10. "Ukrainian White Gulaypolsky" (not a gunner). Type: winter and spring. The average maturity is up to 120 days. The head has the correct shape. Her color is white with a silver tint. Toothed. Bulb weight up to 23 g. Long shelf life and pungent taste.

Rules for planting a herb

If you plant garlic in a timely manner in the winter in Ukraine, then a good harvest is guaranteed. It is necessary to wait for the moment when, before the onset of cold weather, the teeth are sufficiently rooted, but still can not germinate. It is at this time that the product is planted. If the root system of a vegetable crop is well developed, then in winter garlic can withstand temperatures of minus 25 degrees. Therefore, you should have time to plant a herbaceous plant a month and a half before the onset of the first frost.

In addition, gardeners take into account the temperature of the soil (in the range from +10 to +12 degrees). If you disrupt such technology, then the teeth can germinate and not survive the winter. Planting winter garlic in the south of Ukraine, the north and the center is done according to the following time frames:

• western and central regions - early October;
• Northern regions of the country - end of September;
• Transcarpathia and the southern regions - the end of October.

Some summer residents believe that the timing of planting garlic for the winter in Ukraine will help establish the lunar calendar. They claim, in addition to ebbs and flows, the moon is able to determine the vegetation period of all plants. The decreasing phase of the earth's satellite indicates the excellent development of root crops. It was at this time that the soil was saturated with nutrients in the process of raising groundwater. Favorable days for planting garlic in 2018 are: September 4, 5 and 12, from October 11 to 13, November 8, 11 and 16.

Site selection

Garlic is planted only in an open and well-lit area. Differences due to soil are unacceptable. If the platform has a slope, then it is better to place the vegetable crop on a hill, since below the water will accumulate after rains, forming diseases and rot. Therefore, it is better to choose a plain on which a lot of sunlight falls. Acidic soil worsens the growth of garlic. To cope with such a problem, lime should be added to the soil.

Black soil is considered the best soil for planting, but loamy or sandy loamy soil is also suitable. Before planting a fragrant plant, you need to carefully analyze the composition of the earth and already after doing basic work. Fertility is easily determined by vegetable crops that were previously planted on the site, and if there was a poor harvest, this indicates a lack of a particular mineral necessary for the soil.

It is advisable to plant garlic after crops such as pumpkin, beans, cauliflower and white cabbage, eggplant, zucchini, radish, grain and cucumbers. After the listed species, the soil will be self-fertilized and suitable for further planting. And here after garlic, onions and potatoes are not recommended to re-plant garlic heads, since the earth will be extremely depleted and will not be able to recover for subsequent planting. Planting garlic can be practiced on this site only after 4 years. It is better to change the platform every year and reverse between eggplant, cucumber and similar crops.

Preparatory work

The next integral stage is the preparation of the site. It is necessary to carefully remove previous vegetable crops. Do this no later than a month before sowing. The indicated time for resting the soil will be sufficient. The rest of the rules are as follows:

1. 2 weeks before planting garlic, a specific area is dug up to an average depth of 25 cm. All weed roots must be removed.
2. At the next stage, the soil is fertilized. Use mineral and organic additives. On 1 sq. M. it is enough to add from 5 to 10 kg of humus. It is advisable to dilute the fertilizer with superphosphate (1 tablespoon), ash and chalk (2 tablespoons). If possible, potassium sulfate is added (from 1 to 2 tbsp. L.). So that the soil does not contain diseases, it is watered with copper sulfate (10%).

Seed

Particular attention is paid to this step. The quantity of the crop depends on the quality of garlic. Therefore, only healthy heads are selected for planting. They should not be soft and contain dents, rotten patches and other damage. The coating is necessarily smooth and fits snugly. Cracks are not allowed at the bottom of the bulb. In case of any violations in one clove, it will be necessary to reject the entire head, since the remaining cloves will also be infected.

For planting, choose only large bulbs, because large ones will grow from them, and small ones will grow from small ones. This important rule must always be remembered. After the selection of healthy, voluminous and beautiful teeth, the planting material is disinfected. The most popular processing options:

• Vegetable culture should be boiled for about half an hour in an alkaline solution (2 g of water, 400 g of ash), the liquid must be cooled and placed in it for 2 hours.
• Garlic is treated with copper sulfate (not more than 1 tbsp. L. Per 10 liters.). The disinfection time is 24 hours.
• The material is put in a solution of manganese (0.1%) and soaked for 24 hours.
• Create a solution of salt (5 l of water, 3 tbsp. L.) And soak the garlic for 120 seconds, after which they do the second treatment with copper sulfate for no more than 60 seconds.

Important points

In addition to selecting garlic, choosing a place and disinfecting, you still have to plant a vegetable crop correctly. What nuances are taken into account at this stage of work:

1. The spacing between the rows is 25 cm. This distance is enough to freely remove weeds and loosen the soil.
2. The size of the teeth depends on the density with which they need to be planted. For example, if they are large, they are planted with an interval of 15 cm from each other, and small - at a distance of 10 cm. At this planting frequency, garlic will grow large and healthy.
3. The depth of planting also affects a large number of crops. It also depends on the size of the heads. Wells should be made to a depth of twice the length of the teeth. For example, if the size of the tooth is 3 cm, then the recesses are made not less than 6 cm, therefore, to simplify the task, planting material must be sorted in advance by size.
4. It is important to properly install vegetables in the grooves. A clove is placed in a hole in an upright position and with a certain pressure is pressed to the base of the hole, but not very much. The clamp is necessary so that in the process of falling asleep of the tooth of the earth, there is no bias, and it retains its original position. In this case, the correct formation of the head.

Final part

At the last stage, you need to insulate formed beds. This is the only way to protect planted garlic from frost. Experienced gardeners recommend the following procedure:

1. After planting vegetables, you need to mulch the soil using peat, needles, sawdust, tree leaves or humus. It is necessary to create a layer of insulation of at least 5 cm.
2. In winter, the area on which the planted garlic is located is covered with an additional layer of snow. Such an auxiliary blanket will protect plants from frost, and during the thaw, additional moisture is formed.
3. In order to keep the snow in the beds and not allow it to quickly go away, especially when it comes to sloping areas, brushwood is placed between the rows.
4. At the end of winter, when the snow begins to melt, gardeners always planted garlic. They do it this way: they take superphosphate 10 g, potassium sulfate 6 g and ammonium nitrate 6 g, such a solution is enough to process 1 sq. M. land. After 30 days, the action must be repeated.
5. When on garlic soil yellow leaves form, then this will indicate the ripening of the crop. Harvesting winter garlic occurs 30 days earlier than spring.

It is convenient to grow garlic in Ukraine, since this country has a good and favorable climate. However, to obtain a large crop, some effort will be required, and if everything is done correctly, such work will pay off several times.